types of topology in computer network

what is topology? 

types of topology in computer network.

 Topology : It is the way of representing the network over the links and devices. Or it is a structure or architecture of network.

There are four types of topology :-

1. Mesh topology
2. Star topology
3. Bus topology 
4. Ring topology

1. Mesh topology :  Mesh topology in computer network in which each device is connected with the other devices by point to point connection .

If total no. of devices = n 

One device is connected with (n-1) devices.

Total no. of links= n(n-1)/2

For example , if n=4

One device is connected with 3 devices. and total no. of link is=(4 X 3) /2=6 links.

The main advantage of this type of topology is if any one link is missed then there is no problem. 

Disadvantage of this type of topology is it is more expensive due to more no. of cables are used.

2. star topology : Star topology in computer network in which  all devices are connected with a hub through point to point connection. Hub is also know as central controller. Devices are not directly connected to each other.

Star topology advantages and disadvantages:

Advantage of this type of topology , there is less no. of cables are required so cost is less.

There is no communication problem because all devices are connected through point to point connection.

Disadvantage is if any  link is failed  it effect the  system.

3. Bus topology: Bus topology in computer network in which all devices are connected by a one cable which acts as a backbone of the system . It  is multipoint connection.

Advantages of Bus topology : the cable which is connected to the system is limited.

the major Disadvantage  of Bus  topology is if the cable breaks, then entire system will be failed. and we have to restart the system again. and installation is also complicated. 

4. Ring topology : Ring topology in computer network in which all devices are connected in ring structure. and the signal along the ring is only in one direction from devices to devices until it reaches the destination.

Advantage of Ring topology: One cable is enough for connecting a new device .Installation is easy.

Disadvantage of Ring topology: Signal moves only in one direction.